Smile Togetherness

together will be very beautiful.
He would always bring a smile fragrant morning sun.
beautiful sad.
wonderful time together.
and beautiful forever.

I will always love you

if only time could be reversed.
I definitely will immediately pick you,
I would not doubt your love again,
I do not need others to test your love,
I'm sorry to have to test you.
Agnesia Wirayanti I will always love you.

Sorry.

sadly no longer restrained
Karangkates like a broken dam.
is not as beautiful as the day before.
there used to be your voice every night me.
no writing you in my inbox.
but now there lived only memories.

Just a One Minute

Every morning all the prayers upon you
Before these eyes have always spoken word sweet sleep
But do you realize
Do you understand
Is there a sense of appreciation from you.
No. .. no.
I know everything is different.
You and I are not what they used to be.
But I hope you will remember me for a second.

Not True Love

This hurt because of you.

you do not know is how much it hurts.

you say you are single.

but after everything happened on this feeling.

everything you said a lie.

I love you girl it is not much different with him.

you said he has hurt you so very cruel and vile.

This hurt you cruelly.

after that.

I realize that you are not worthy of my love.

oh .. my love.

if we had never met before,

certainly none of this would ever happen to me.

I do not blame you entirely,

but I blame the meetings that made me fall in love with you,

and it is worth your eyes.

The Elements of Prose Fiction

CAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

1.BACKGROUND

WHAT IS PROSE FICTION?

            Prose fiction is a type of writing that employs basic storytelling techniques that include dialogue, narrative, exposition, and so on. Fiction is any work that is not a narrative of reality; the story is, instead, conceived by the author. While prose fiction may be based on real events and people, the actual characters and plot of the story are made up, which can open up possibilities for fantastic events that could not take place in reality. This type of fiction may take the form of a novel, story, and so on.

The opposite of prose is poetry, which is a more figurative style of writing revolving less around storytelling and more around creating, metaphors, and other figures of speech. Prose fiction tends to be more literal, and the author has more freedom to create a narrative. Dialogue is often used as one of the elements that drives the story forward; dialogue is a conversation between two or more characters in the story, and it is usually indicated in the prose fiction text by quotation marks and tags, such as he said or she said.

The length of the prose fiction story will dictate which category it falls under. A novel, for example, is a long story, usually anywhere from 60,000 words to 200,000 or more. A novella usually ranges from about 10,000 words to around 50,000 or 60,000 words. A short story is usually 7,000 words or fewer, and a flash fiction story is less than 1,000 words. While many of the elements of each type of prose fiction category are similar, writing each type of story can have its own set of challenges. Novels can be difficult to develop properly, and the author will need to keep track of complex events and characters. A short story is difficult to write because the author does not have a lot of space in which to develop the character sufficiently.

Genres, or categories, of prose fiction include horror, science fiction, fantasy, young adult, mystery, family saga, and countless others. The subject matter of the story will dictate the category under which a particular story falls, and in many cases, a story may fall under more than one category. More fantastic plot lines that cannot take place in reality usually fall under science fiction or fantasy

   CAPTER II

DISCUSSION

A. Plot

Definition of Plot:  Events that form a significant pattern of action with a beginning, a middle and an end.  They move from one place or event to another in order to form a pattern. The plot is also called a narrative.

Elements of Plot:

 

Beginning
1. Plot Line:  a graph plotting the ups and downs of the central character's fortunes.  A very conventional plot might look like the one above.

2. Initial Situation

i. Characters: Who they are?  What they aspire to?
ii. Setting: Where/when do the characters live?
iii. Conflicts: What are the challenges facing the characters(s)? What are the conflict(s) that the characters will have to overcome?

The beginning is often called the introduction or exposition. By establishing the characters, setting and initial conflicts, the beginning "sets the scene" for the rest of the narrative. Dickens' famous opening line in A Tale of Two Cities, "It was the best of times, it was the worst of times," is a classic piece of exposition that helps establish the social and political background of the novel.

Rising Action

3. Incentive Movement:

i. Which events thrust themselves into the tension of the characters' situation and triggers the action of the story?
ii. A new event frequently jostles the smoothness of things and changes the course of action.
iii. Each significant event turns the action into a new, more intense situation.
iv. Other lesser events either reveal character or theme or build plot slowly and more realistically from one major event to another.

4. Episodes:  After the introduction, a story usually presents a series of separate events in the plot, building from one situation to the next.  A new episode (or scene) begins when the place and time change, or when something really important interrupts what has been happening. With each successive episode, the conflict becomes more and more intense, demanding some sort of resolution.

The Climax

5. Climax:  the critical point at which the central character is about to win or lose all.  When the probable outcome of the main conflict is finally revealed (i.e. the turning point), the story has reached its climax.  In a Shakespearian tragedy, the climax occurs when the main character's "momentum" switches from success to failure.  Beyond that point, the ending is inevitable. However, the climax does not mark the end of conflict; it only determines how the conflict will be decided. The climax usually occurs anywhere from 50% to 90% of the completed story.

Falling Action

6. Falling Action (or Resolution or Denouement): the events that occur after the climax that tie up "loose ends"; they perform the necessary plot actions to fulfill the protagonist's fortunes that are now clear after the climax. It is a tricky part of a narrative to write as the author has to decide which parts of the plot to tie up and which to leave as questions for the reader to think about. Part of the decision regarding what to tie up and what to leave open often depends on the extent to which the author wants to satisfy the reader's need for a sense of justice or closure.

7. Epilogue: the part that tells the reader what happens to the characters after the story is finished. It's seen in longer narratives (like novels and movies) rather than short fiction, but even then it is only used occasionally.


B. Setting

 Aspects of Setting

Setting is defined as the physical location and the time of a story. In short stories, one or both of these elements are often not defined.

a.    Physical World in which Characters Live

1. Geographical location, topography, scenery, even the arrangement of objects in a room can carry special significance. Note detail.
2. Spot words that ask you to hear, see and feel elements that make up and strengthen awareness of physical setting.

b.    Characters Revealed by Setting

1. Physical objects surround characters in different ways and these differences reveal traits and changes in characters.

a.    Psychologically, spiritually, economically and physically.
b.    Observe feelings and actions of characters with respect to their surroundings; as setting changes, often so does character.
c.     Listen for any remarks characters make about their setting.
d.    Look for clues to characters in objects they have placed in their physical world.

c.     Setting Revealed by Characters

1.    Characters contribute clues about setting.
2.    When time isn't made obvious, the reader can often make inferences from objects a character has placed in the setting
3.    Dress and dialect contain clues as to historical period in which events take place, as well as to regional setting and social levels within a region.
 

d.    Plot Assisted by Setting

1.    Some stories or plots can take place only in certain settings. Actions governed by particular customs and mores.
2.    Traditions established over many generations exert great influence on what characters do.
3.    Physical nature also creates conditions that affect plot: setting can confine action as, for example, on the sea, or on a mountaintop.

e.    Atmospheric Setting

1.    The mood is reliant on the words and tone of description; a jingle can be light, full of life, and exciting, or, dark, foreboding, and full of evil.
2.    The setting of a Victorian drawing room elicits an atmosphere of restraint and decorum.
3.    Atmosphere can be overdrawn (as in many Harlequin romances) and become gooey with manufactured emotion.

f.      Theme Revealed by Setting

1.    Some authors skillfully use atmosphere to introduce and reinforce the theme of the novel; what happens in setting (flood) happens to characters (changed course of action).
2.    Setting may reveal how man sees nature, they may show hate, agony, courage, etc. or men's struggle for insignificant things.

C. Theme

            Definition: A theme is the central idea or ideas explored by a literary work. John Gardner puts it this way: "By theme here we mean not a message -- a word no good writer likes applied to his work -- but the general subject, as the theme of an evening of debates may be World Wide Inflation."

A work of literature may have more than one theme. Hamlet, for instance, deals with the themes of death, revenge, and action, to name a few. King Lear's themes include justice, reconciliation, madness, and betrayal.

While you might start with an issue or theme in mind, themes will also develop or emerge as you write. It may not be until the editing stage that you even begin to recognize your themes. Having recognized them, your themes will help you determine what to cut from your story or novel and what to highlight.

The theme is a recurring social or psychological issue, like aging, violence, alienation or maturity. The author or poet weaves the theme into the plot, which is used as a vehicle to convey it. The title of the story or poem is often of significance in recognizing the theme.

What is theme?

·         It's the unifying or central concept of a story.

·         It's a theory of life which acts as the unifying force in a story, or the universal truth which the story illustrates.

·         The simplest way of defining theme is this: it is the description of the basic challenges of mankind (e.g. "the human condition").

·         In most stories it's not just a simple moral, which is usually what an author thinks about the theme.

Identifying a story's theme:

·         Start with a clear idea of the character's situation and the plot. Why did the characters act as they did?

·         Examine closely the central conflict. Overcoming a conflict is often the basis of the recurrent human challenge in the theme.

·         Look closely at the events and/or characters that seem relevant to the main line of action. Why are they included?

·         Does the author offer an explicit view point about the theme, or does s/he merely describe the many points of view?

D. Style

Includes the multitude of choices prose fiction writers make, consciously or subconsciously, as they create a story. They encompass the big-picture, strategic choices such as point of view and narrator, but they also include the nitty-gritty, tactical choices of grammar, punctuation, word usage, sentence and paragraph length and structure, tone, the use of imagery, chapter selection, titles, and on and on. In the process of writing a story, these choices meld to become the writer's voice, his or her own unique style.

Components of style

For each piece of fiction, the author makes many choices, consciously or subconsciously, which combine to form the writer's unique style. The components of style are numerous, but include point of view, choice of narrator, fiction-writing mode, person and tense, grammar, punctuation, word usage, sentence length and structure, paragraph length and structure, tone, imagery, chapter usage, and title selection.

CAPTER III

CONCLUSION

Prose fiction Is a type of writing that employs basic storytelling techniques that include dialogue, narrative, exposition, and so on. Fiction is any work that is not a narrative of reality; the story is, instead, conceived by the author. While prose fiction may be based on real events and people, the actual characters and plot of the story are made up, which can open up possibilities for fantastic events that could not take place in reality. This type of fiction may take the form of a novel, , short story, story, and so on.

The opposite of prose is poetry, which is a more figurative style of writing revolving less around storytelling and more around creating, metaphors, and other figures of speech. Prose fiction tends to be more literal, and the author has more freedom to create a narrative. Dialogue is often used as one of the elements that drives the story forward; dialogue is a conversation between two or more characters in the story, and it is usually indicated in the prose fiction text by quotation marks and tags, such as he said or she said.

Plot
the story revolves around the plot. A plot contains incidents composed of many parts. The sequence begins with an exposition (background), blooms in the conflict (rising actions, between two forces, protagonist or antagonist), climax (peak of the story in the middle) and resolution (victory, defeat, sad ending or happy ending). Plato's concept of plot is based on place, time and manner.

Setting
the actual place where the story takes place is the setting. Basically, the setting depends on the theme and choice of the places as the author's story may require such as a house, jungle, palace, or workplace. It can be different places according to the sequence of events in the plot.

Theme
what the author wants to convey is the central idea of the story and is known as the 'theme'. Sometimes, the theme may be more than one. The main theme supports the subject and the moral of the narrative, which the reader indirectly comes across in a play. Love, revenge, historic, political, picturesque and allegory are some of the themes used in romantic poem such as Robert Burns' - 'My Love is Like a Red, Red Rose' - has love as a theme.

Style

Includes the multitude of choices fiction writers make, consciously or subconsciously, as they create a story.

REFERENCE

King, Stephen (2000). On Writing pp. 153–, –154.. Scribner

Abbott, Jillian (Sep., 2005). "How to keep tabs on your novel’s progress". The Writer, p. 39.

Frey, James N. (1987). How to Write a Damn Good Novel p. 164.. St. Martin’s Press.

Monteleone, Tom (2004). The Complete Idiot’s Guide to Writing a Novel p. 51.. Scribner.

 Leder, Meg, ed. (2002). The Complete Handbook of Novel Writing p. 324.. Writer’s Digest Books.

Stanek, Lou Willett. (1994). So You Want to Write a Novel p. 15. Avon Books.

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